US Federal Reserve policymakers opened a two-day meeting Tuesday amid signs of weakness in the world's biggest economy that are clouding prospects for withdrawal of massive stimulus.

The central bank's Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) was debating an eventual exit strategy from the support it has extended since the 2008 financial meltdown.

The Fed will have pumped more than $2.3 trillion into the economy between late 2008 and June 30 by buying securities on the markets.

Financial markets keenly awaited the conclusion of the FOMC meeting Wednesday, hoping to parse its policy statement and a news conference with Fed chairman Ben Bernanke for clues on the direction of interest rates.

"Ben Bernanke will face harder questions on Wednesday than he did at his first press conference on April 27, with growth signals coming in weak, inflation signals uncomfortably high, and financial markets still worried about the eurozone sovereign debt crisis," said IHS Global Insight analysts Patrick Newport and Nigel Gault.

A change in near-zero interest rates essentially was ruled out. Since December 2008, the Fed has kept its key target interest rate between zero and 0.25 percent in an effort to boost economic growth and has promised repeatedly to leave it there for "an extended period."

Most economists anticipate the FOMC will signal that the Fed's $600 billion asset purchase programme, or quantitative easing, will end as scheduled by June 30, and no other QE programme will be announced.

They expect the Fed to confirm it will continue to reinvest principal payments from mortgage holdings into longer-term Treasury securities.

But eventually the central bank will have to withdraw the record stimulus to prevent a potential inflation spiral that would violate its mandate of maintaining price stability.

The only news on the economic calendar Tuesday highlighted the challenges facing policymakers to boost sustainable growth.

Sales of previously owned US homes fell 3.80 percent in May to a six-month low amid persistent financing problems in the depressed sector, the National Association of Realtors said.

The weak US housing sector has been a "big reason" for the sluggish US economic recovery, Bernanke said in early June.

"The recovery will have to proceed without the help of housing which is going to make it more difficult to really ramp up growth for any extended period of time," said Joel Naroff of Naroff Economic Advisors.

"The Fed understands that job growth will not be robust, which is just another reason that Mr. Bernanke wants to keep the pedal to the metal as long as possible."

The aim of the Treasury bond purchase programme, dubbed QE2, was to lower as much as possible medium- and long-term interest rates at a time when the Fed has run out of firepower.

The central bank slashed its key target to between zero and 0.25 percent two and a half years ago, helping to keep short-term rates low.

Nearly two years after the recession ended, economic growth, as Fed chairman Ben Bernanke said recently, is "desperately slow."

First-quarter growth decelerated to a weak 1.8 percent annual rate and economists have been lowering their second-quarter forecasts as a string of weak economic indicators arrives.

"Since the FOMC last met on 26-27 April, the unemployment rate has bumped up from 8.8 percent in March to 9.1 percent in May, the S&P 500 index has declined more than 5.0 percent, and consensus growth forecasts for Q2 (second quarter) have been revised down," said Nomura economists.

The Fed plans to publish its updated estimates on economic growth, unemployment and inflation.

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